Switch Statement in C++

The C++ Switch case statement evaluates a given expression and based on the evaluated value(matching a certain condition), it executes the statements associated with it. It is an alternative to the long if-else-if ladder which provides an easy way to dispatch execution to different parts of code based on the value of the expression.
What is a switch statement in C++?

The switch statement in C++ is a flow control statement that is used to execute the different blocks of statements based on the value of the given expression. We can create different cases for different values of the switch expression. We can specify any number of cases in the switch statement but the case value can only be of type int or char.
Syntax of switch Statement in C++

switch (expression) { case value_1: // statements_1; break; case value_2: // statements_2; break; ..... ..... default: // default_statements; break; }
Rules of the switch case statement in C++

The case value must be either int or char type. There can be any number of cases. No duplicate case values are allowed. Each statement of the case can have a break statement. It is optional. The default Statement is also optional.
Working of switch Statement in C++

Step 1: The switch expression is evaluated. Step 2: The evaluated value is then matched against the present case values. Step 3A: If the matching case value is found, that case block is executed. Step 3B: If the matching code is not found, then the default case block is executed if present. Step 4A: If the break keyword is present in the block, then program control comes out of the switch statement. Step 4B: If the break keyword is not present, then all the cases after the matching case are executed. Step 5: Statements after the switch statement is executed.
Expression must evaluate only int or char type values.

The switch statement can only evaluate the integer or character value. So the switch expression should return the values of type int or char only.
Break in switch case

The break keyword is used in the switch case to break out of the switch when encountered. It is used at the end of every case block so that when the matching case is executed, the program control comes out of the loop. The break statement is optional. If omitted, all the cases after the matching case will also be executed.
Default in switch case

. The default keyword is used to define a default case which will be executed when no case value is matched. It is also an optional statement and the switch case statement runs without problem if it is omitted.
No duplicate Case Values

In the C switch statement, duplicate case values are not allowed. All the case values must be unique
Nested Switch Statements

In C++, we can nest one switch inside another switch statement without any problem. Though it is avoided most of the time as it makes the program more complex and unreadable.

Requirement

The switch statement allows us to execute a block of code among many alternatives. You can do the same thing with the if...else statement. However, the syntax of the switch statement is much easier to read and write.

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The switch statement allows us to execute a block of code among many alternatives. You can do the same thing with the if...else statement. However, the syntax of the switch statement is much easier to read and write.

Conditonal Statements switch